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Inviting Global Ideas & Suggestions For LiFE - Building an Environmentally Sustainable Future

Start Date :
Jun 15, 2022
Last Date :
Jul 31, 2022
23:45 PM IST (GMT +5.30 Hrs)
India is one of the leaders in sustainable development and clean energy. With the Hon PM Narendra Modi-led government’s reform-oriented, environment-friendly policies, the ...
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
The World Systems Theory posits that international trade specialization and transfer of resources from the periphery (less developed countries) to the core (developed countries) stifle development in the periphery by making them rely on core countries (Petras, 1981).
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
This theory is criticised for not taking into account Sen's (1999) view of development regarding freedoms and self-esteem. The Dependency Theory, based on Marxist ideology, debunks the tenets of the Modernization Theory and asserts that industrialization in the developed countries rather subjects poor countries to underdevelopment as a result of the economic surplus of the poor countries being exploited by developed countries (Bodenheimer, 1970; Webster, 1984). The theory, however, fails to clarify the dependency of the less developed countries on the metropolis in terms of how the developed countries secure access to the economic surplus of the poor countries.
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
Therefore, in order to progress, the traditional societies must emulate the culture of modern societies, which is characterised by accumulation of capital and industrialization which are compatible with development. In essence, this theory seeks to improve the standard of living of traditional societies through economic growth by introducing modern technology (Huntington, 1976).
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
The Modernization Theory of development distinguishes between two main categories of society in the world, namely the traditional and modern societies. The theory, according to Tipps (1976), argues that the traditional societies are entangled by norms, beliefs and values, which are hampering their development.
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
The Modernization Theory of development distinguishes between two main categories of society in the world, namely the traditional and modern societies. The theory, according to Tipps (1976), argues that the traditional societies are entangled by norms, beliefs and values, which are hampering their development.
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
According to Reyes (2001) development is understood as a social condition within a nation, in which the needs of its population are satisfied by the rational and sustainable use of natural resources and systems. Todaro and Smith (2006) also define development as a multi-dimensional process that involves major changes in social structures, attitudes, and institutions, as well as economic growth, reduction of inequality, and eradication of absolute poverty. Several theories have been put forward to explain the concept of development. They include the Modernisation, Dependency, World Systems and Globalisation Theories.
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
Development, as a concept, has been associated with diverse meanings, interpretations and theories from various scholars. Development is defined as ‘an evolutionary process in which the human capacity increases in terms of initiating new structures, coping with problems, adapting to continuous change, and striving purposefully and creatively to attain new goals (Peet, 1999 cited in Du Pisani, 2006).
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
The paper focuses on key issues relating to the concepts of development, sustainability and sustainable development. The issues include the history of SD as well as the pillars and principles of this concept. The paper also presents the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the associated debate regarding the trade-offs, complementarities, costs and benefits, as well as what can be done to achieve the “much-talked-about” SD.
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
The reasons for discarding particular aspects of each summary result were noted while each summary was being prepared in order not to forget the reasons for their exclusion. Pieces of information gathered through the summaries were synthesised, interlinked and paraphrased to make them more condensed, concise, coherent and manageable, being careful not to change the meaning of the data when combining the themes. The end result was a more concise and refined summary of the relevant literature regarding the key issues as presented below.
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Farvez Basha D
3 years 11 months ago
That is, the contents were summarized under themes without coding but with notes; In this regard, the relevant information were summarised repeatedly, guided by the keywords and phrases already mentioned. The series of summarizing, which were manually done, were aimed at bringing out the basic results with regard to the viewpoints of each input data and to remove discrepancies and irrelevant data.
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