Additionally, it covers the gig economy, the growth of the startup ecosystem, and industrial progress through cooperation. As part of Industry 4.0, the subject also seeks to address the old economy by ensuring that new technology is included into conventional working practices. These sub-themes, which incorporate opinions from experts and the most recent research on these subjects, are meant to provide readers a thorough knowledge of the future of work.

This subject covers more than simply technology; it also speaks to the necessity to reskill and upskill the workforce to keep up with the needs of an evolving labor market. The subject focuses on the development of 21st century skills, like cooperation, critical thinking, and problem-solving, which are crucial for success in a world that is changing quickly and becoming more connected. The "Future of Work" theme's sub-themes are intended to collect opinions from young people on the necessary adjustments to learning, reskilling, and unlearning.

The topic "Future of Work: Industry 4.0, Innovation & 21st Century Skills" intends to guide new objectives that address cutting-edge technology and creative thinking, especially from the young generation who will have a huge impact on the future. To make sure that the policy agendas on these issues also include youth-centric concerns, Y20 India has taken the lead in promoting this concept to young people from all over the world.

Artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, and bioengineering are examples of new technologies that have been made possible by the rapid rise in computing capability and the sharp decline in computing prices. Although it is well recognised that the youthful population can adapt to new technological advancements, it is crucial to remember that young people do not constitute a homogenous group. Accessibility, knowledge, motivation, and other factors all play a role in how successfully these new technologies are used. The percentage of youngsters who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET) has gone up for both men and women, going from 13.1% in 2019 to 15.3% in 2020 for males and 30.3% in 2019 to 31.10% in 2020 for women.

Development is of the utmost importance in today's world, as evidenced by the emphasis on precision, clever technology use, and young involvement in promoting growth through innovative ideas and enterprises. The difference between the Industry 4.0 method and earlier ones is that the rate of change is exponential rather than linear. It is the most recent phase, which the World Economic Forum claims has no precedence in history, is evolving exponentially, and has the potential to completely revolutionize all production, management, and governance systems in every nation. Rapid, nonlinear change is made possible by exponential technologies thanks to major advancements (and lower prices) in areas like computing power, bandwidth, and data storage.

According to UNDP’s People Climate Vote 2022 survey, Under-18 youth popularly supported renewable energy promotion policy as compared to adults with almost a 13% generational divide. Also, their views on forest conservation and land to tackle climate change issue policies varied from adults’ perception by a 10% difference.

Another significant factor to consider is the youth’s voice when it comes to climate action. The youth perception is vital and required today more as nations around the globe are in rigorous competition to become more developed climate action takers.

Also, to achieve global green energy ambitions, there can be fiscal and regulatory interventions. Policies that concentrate to increase private sector participation and reforms to make renewable energy expansion more financially proficient. For instance, Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) in India is significantly working towards improving energy efficiency, business and public safety.

Moreover, efficient, reliable renewable technologies can create a system less prone to market shocks and improve resilience and energy security by diversifying power supply options.

It is believed that by 2026, global renewable electricity capacity is forecast to rise more than 60% from 2020 levels to over 4 800 GW – equivalent to the current total global power capacity of fossil fuels and nuclear combined. Renewables are set to account for almost 95% of the increase in global power capacity through 2026, with solar PV alone providing more than half. The amount of renewable capacity added over the period of 2021 to 2026 is expected to be 50% higher than from 2015 to 2020.